NB IMP 3 Part 1 Tat Ca Linear Tools Knowledge 1zoRa MTkW

Kiến thức được dạy trong chương trình IELTS Speaking 4.0:

Tư duy language (cách sử dụng structures và vocabulary khi nói)

Ví dụ: Do you like traveling? Why?

Trường hợp không dùng tư duy Speak in Structure:

Các bạn HV thường hay nói dịch. Nói dịch có nghĩa là nghĩ idea đến đâu trong tiếng Việt, thì dịch sang đến đó trong tiếng Anh.

Idea: Có. Tôi thích nhất ở việc đi du lịch là giúp tôi mở mang kiến thức.

Language khi nói: Yes. I like best in go travel is help me open knowledge.

→ problem: vừa chậm (giảm điểm fluency), vừa dễ sai (giảm điểm Grammar và Vocabulary)

Trường hợp có dùng tư duy Speak in Structure:

Dựa vào loại câu hỏi → có thể tưởng tượng ngay cấu trúc của cả câu → ráp vocabulary vào tương ứng theo idea mình có thể nghĩ ra.

Loại câu hỏi: Why → Sentence structure: The best part about Ving / NOUN is that S V

→ Word pattern (chính là V màu xanh da trời trong phần sentence structure): allow sb to V

→ vocabulary (chính là V in đậm trong phần word pattern): broaden my horizon.

Language khi nói: The best part about travelling is that it allows me to broaden my horizon.

→ Benefit: câu có một phần rất lớn (chữ màu xanh da trời) thuộc vào sentence structure và word pattern đã được chọn lọc sẵn. Vì vậy, HV có thể nói vừa hay (điểm Grammar và Vocabulary cao) vừa dễ dàng và mượt mà hơn (điểm Fluency cao).

Kết luận:

Ở lớp band 4.0 và 5.0, tư duy Speak in Structure sẽ dạy cho các bạn HV: các nhóm sentence structure và word pattern khác nhau, được phân loại theo loại câu hỏi (loại câu hỏi chính là từ để hỏi đứng đầu câu).

Ở lớp band 4.0 và 5.0, các bạn HV cũng sẽ học các vocabulary theo từng topic để ráp vào các sentence structure và word patterns khi trả lời.

Sản phẩm 1 câu cuối cùng sau khi ứng dụng đầy đủ tư duy speak in structure thường (nhưng không phải luôn luôn) có tổ chức như sau:

[sentence structure + word pattern học theo loại câu hỏi] + [vocabulary học từng cụm collocations dài theo topics]

Bảng 1. Các sentence structure và word pattern

Bảng 2. Các vocabulary theo cụm collocations dài được dạy theo topic:

have a more comfortable life

save time doing household chores

have more free time for myself

make me become lazier

cost a lot of money

take good photos and film videos

entertain oneself / wind down after work / study

communicate with family / friends / co-workers

access information online

make people become addicted

make people become couch-potatoes

be easily hacked into

cost a lot of money to buy and repair

diagnose health problems

lose weight / keep fit

maintain a healthy lifestyle

make people become more worried / obsessed with health

give false results

humorous

Amusing

Unappealing

supportive

worrying

Convenient

Troublesome

unsupportive

calming

Unfunny

Meaningful

Awful

satisfied

satisfying

Useless

challenging

demanding

awesome

Meaningless

depressed

depressing

strict

unattractive

kind

mean

serious

energetic

knowledgeable

bored

excited

delicious

inconvenient

greasy

savoury

bitter

spicy

sick

fed up

full

stressful

entertaining

informative

embarrassing

embarrassed

relaxed

portable

handy

comfortable

disappointed

Part-time job

Full-time job

Intellectual job

Manual labour job

Freelance job

Prepare lesson plans

Educate students at all levels

Assign homework and grade tests

Diagnose a disease

Find a cure for a disease and treat patients

Educate patients about what to do

Provide quality healthcare to patients

Make plans to develop their business

Go on a business trip and meet customers

Prepare accounts and tax returns

Monitor spending and budgets

Advise on how to reduce costs and increase profits

Develop illustrations, logos and other designs using software or by hand

Study design briefs and determine requirements

Adjust designs after feedback

Deliver a wide variety of items to clients

Accept payments for delivered items

Assist loading and unloading items from vehicles

Provide legal advice and guidance

Read witness statements and represent clients in trials

Assist with cleaning and moving debris

Review construction plans.

Writes down food and drink orders to give to the chef

Serve meals and answer additional questions

Clean eating areas

Creates and serves alcoholic drinks to patrons

Restock bar items

maintain a healthy weight

improve muscle endurance

lose body fat

boost immune system

increase competitiveness

keep fit

have a sense of responsibility

improve team spirit

strengthen your muscles and bones

burn calories

delay the aging process

increase flexibility

develop physically and mentally

find inner peace

boost concentration

improve brain development

entertain myself/ escape from daily stress

expand knowledge

experience emotions without real-life effects

watch inappropriate content

elevate my mood

find emotional comfort

distract me from study/work

aid sleep

take a lot of time

relieve stress

enjoy the breathtaking view

have a chance to breathe in fresh air

relax on the beach

enjoy many recreational activities

meet new people along your journey

discover hidden gems

be exposed to new cultures

meet local people and share life experiences

strengthen family bonds

freely explore new things on your own

visit historical places and local hotspots

have options to choose which tour you want to take

apply for a visa

book a reservation

pack your luggage

get on the plane

Check in your hotel

try specialties

snap a photo

take a rest

improve skin

maintain bowel health

gain weight

lead to obesity

increase the risk of heart disease

damage the heart/kidney

increase the risk of cancer

Tư duy idea (cách phát triển ý khi nói)

Ví dụ: I usually go swimming, and read books, and … play games.

Trường hợp không dùng Linear Tools:

Trường hợp 1:

I usually go swimming, and read books, and … play games.

Idea Flow của câu trên:

Answer 1: bơi

Answer 2: đọc sách

Answer 3: chơi game

→ Problem: Các ý tưởng bị liệt kê lan man, không tập trung vào một ý chính → mất điểm coherence.

Trường hợp 2:

I usually go swimming …

Idea Flow của câu trên:

Answer: I like swimming because … it makes me … feel … very … relax.

→ Problem 1: không thể liên hệ ý tưởng với tư duy nói 1 câu (Speak in Structure) đã học. → mất fluency và giảm điểm Grammar và Vocabulary.

Trường hợp có dùng Linear Tools và Linear Framework:

I usually go swimming. I swim twice a week. You know, swimming allows me to improve my health. Personally, I find it really relaxing to swim.

Idea Flow của câu trên:

Answer: đi bơi → Wh- (dùng các câu hỏi Wh-): 2 lần 1 tuần → Reason: cải thiện sức khỏe → Feeling / Opinion: thư giãn

→ Benefit 1: câu tập trung vào phát triển 1 câu nên ý tưởng sâu sắc → tăng điểm coherence.

→ benefit 2: các ý tưởng được liên hệ với tư duy ngôn ngữ để nói 1 câu (Speak in Structure), nên nói có cấu trúc đúng và dễ dàng → tăng fluency và grammar + vocabulary.

Kết luận:

Ở lớp band 4.0, tư duy Linear Tools dạy cho HV cách suy nghĩ ra ý tưởng có sự kết nối, biết tập trung đào sâu vào 1 câu trả lời (tăng điểm Coherence) + có thể liên hệ với tư duy Speak in Structure đã học để nói các ý tưởng đó ra với độ chính xác cao (tăng điểm Grammar và Vocabulary), và mượt mà (tăng điểm Fluency)

Ở lớp band 4.0, các bạn HV chỉ học 3 Linear Tools (Wh- / Reasons / Feeling Opinion) tương ứng với 3 nhóm câu hỏi học ở tư duy Speak in Structure, mà không học 1 Linear Framework hoàn chỉnh. Khi nói, các bạn HV có thể tự do ráp nhiều Linear Tools lại theo cách mình thích. Tuy nhiên, phần lớn câu trả lời sẽ có dạng: [Answer] → [Wh-] → [Reason] → [Feeling Opinion]

Bảng 1. Các Linear Tools

• Có 3 Linear Tools được học ở band 4.0

Cách trình bày flow ý theo Linear Tools:

- trình bày flow ý trên một dòng.

Ví dụ: (Answer) đọc sách → (Reason) giúp thư giãn → (Wh-) buổi tối trước khi ngủ → (Feeling/Opinion) thấy hoạt động này rất thú vị

Bảng 2. Một số ví dụ câu trả lời hoàn chỉnh kết hợp từ duy idea bằng Linear Tools và tư duy ngôn ngữ khi nói 1 câu bằng Speak in Structure:

Lesson 2. Topic: Technology.

1. Why are mobile phones important in modern life?

This is because they allow people to wind down after work

This is because they can take good photos and film videos

2. Which piece of modern technology do you want to buy and why?

I want to buy a dishwasher simply because it lets me have more time for myself

3. Do you want to buy a smartwatch? Why or why not?

Not at all. This is because it can give false results

4. What makes laptops so popular?

They are popular mostly because they allow people to access information online

They are popular since they let people communicate with family and friends

5. Do you want to buy a workout machine and why?

I want to buy a workout machine simply because it lets me maintain a healthy lifestyle

I don’t want to buy a workout machine mostly because it can make me become more obsessed with health

6. Do you use any household appliances on a daily basis and why?

Yes. This is simply because they help me save time doing household chores

7. Which device do you prefer to use for browsing the Internet and why?

I use the mobile phone since it allows me to wind down after work.

Lesson 3. Wh-

1. What do you think about your best friend?

I consider my best friend beautiful

2. How do you feel about your teacher?

My teacher makes me feel depressed

3. What do you think about your dessert?

I consider it to be awful

4. How do you feel about pizza?

Pizza makes me feel full

5. What do you think about your laptop?

I consider my laptop entertaining

6. How do you feel about your vehicle?

I find my vehicle comfortable

7. What do you think about studying online?

I find it fascinating to study online

8. How do you feel about speaking in public?

It is embarrassing to speak in public

9. How do you feel about staying at home all day?

I find it relaxing to stay at home all day

10. What do you think about working overtime/ joining extra classes?

It is stressful for me to work overtime/join an extra class

Lesson 4. Work

1. What job do you do?

I am a delivery guy.

2. What kind of work is it?

It’s a manual labor job

3. Where do you work?

I work in a factory or on the street

4. When do you leave for work and finish work?

I go to work at 9am and finish it at 6pm

5. Who do you work with?

I work with clients

I work with people who want to receive items

6. What responsibilities do you have at work?

I deliver a wide variety of items to clients

I accept payments for delivered items

I assice loading and unloading items from vehicles

7. How often do you have a holiday?

I have a holiday once a year.

Lesson 5. Common activities & their benefits for health

1. What do you do to stay healthy?

• I go swimming since I want to keep fit

• I do yoga partly because it allows me to delay the aging process

2. Do you usually exercise?

• Of course. I play football every week simply because it allows me to strengthen my muscles and bones

3. Is it important to eat healthily?

• Of course. I also run in my free time since I want to maintain a healthy weight

• Of course. I walk around the park in my free time mostly because I need to lose body fat.

4. What part of your lifestyle would you want to make healthier?

• It’s my health. I do yoga mostly because it helps me burn calories and build muscles.

• It’s my health. I go dancing since it helps me keep fit.

5. What time do you usually wake up in the morning?

• 9 am. Then I walk around the neighborhood since it let me maintain a healthy weight.

6. How often do you play sports?

• Twice a week. I play golf partly because it helps me boost concentration.

• Once a month. I play chess since I want to improve brain development.

Lesson 6. Daily Activities

1. What do you usually do in your free time?

I usually read books. I do it simply because it allows me to expand knowledge. I find it exciting.

2. Do you enjoy watching TV?

Yes. I watch movies on TV since my family can watch together and improve our relationships. I consider this activity entertaining.

3. Do you prefer relaxing at home or going out in the evening?

I prefer going out in the evening. I love dining out with friends since I can share stories with them and improve relationships.

I prefer relaxing at home. I love reading books since it aids sleep. I find this actitvity relaxing.

4. Who is your favourite singer?

It’s Ariana Grande. I love listening to her music mostly because it helps elevate my mood. I also love pop songs, and I consider them catchy.

5. What kind of movie do you enjoy watching?

I love horror movies. I enjoy watching them since they let me experience emotions without real-life effects. I consider these films creepy.

I love romance movies. I enjoy watching them since they let me escape from daily stress. I consider them sentimental.

6. What outdoor activity do you enjoy doing?

I like traveling. I do this simply because it helps me expand knowledge about new cultures. I find this activity challenging.

7. How often do you go to the cinema?

Once a month. I do this simply because it allows me to expand my knowledge. I love watching science fiction movies, and I consider them dramatic.

8. What do you usually spend time doing online?

I usually spend time listening to music. I do this mostly because I want to find emotional comfort. I love classical music, and I find them elegant.

Lesson 7. Traveling

1. Do you like travelling?

I love travelling, especially going on a road trip, because I can meet new people along my journey.

2. What do you do to prepare for your holiday?

• I usually do research about the destination and then I book a reservation and purchase flight tickets.

3. What do you do on holiday?

• I go to coastal areas because I can enjoy many recreational activities like scuba diving

4. Where do you like to travel to?

• I like to travel to remote areas simply because I want to meet local people and share life experiences.

5. Do you like to travel alone?

• I love traveling alone because I can freely explore new things on my own

6. What was your favourite trip?

• It was a trip to Lạng Sơn, because I had a chance to breathe in fresh air.

7. What do you usually do during your trip ?

• I usually go sightseeing and try specialties

8. What do you usually do after your trip?

• I usually check-out my hotel and upload photos on social media

9. What place do you want to go to in the future?

• I want to go to mountainous areas to enjoy the breathtaking view.

10. How easy is it to travel around your country?

• It is very easy. Depending on the distance, people can travel by plane, car, train, or coach.

Lesson 8. Food

1. Do you prefer to eat at home or eat out and why?

• I prefer eating out, because I can eat a lot of green veggies. They are high in fiber, and they allow me to maintain bowel health.

2. What kind of food do you like most?

• I like nuts. They are rich in vitamins, and they help me boost my immune system.

3. What do you think about fast food?

• I don’t really like fast food. It contains a lot of fat, and it can lead to obesity

4. Where do you usually have lunch?

• I usually have lunch at home. I eat a lot of red meat. They are a source of protein, and they help build muscles.

5. When do you often have dinner?

• at about 7pm. We sometimes have to eat ready meals. They contain preservatives and additives, and I don’t like them because they can increase the risk of cancer.

6. Who does the cooking in your family?

• My mom. She makes salad with green veggies every meal. Veggies are high in vitamins, and can help our family improve our skin.

7. Do you often eat dinner with your friends or your family?

• My family of course. We often have a glass of milk after our meals. Milk is rich in calcium, and can help us strengthen our bones.

8. Do you think it’s important for people to learn how to cook?

• I find it important for people to learn how to cook. People can’t eat canned food forever. It contains preservatives and additives, and can damage the heart and the kidney.

9. Do you usually eat junk food?

Not at all. Fast food contains lots of fat, and can increase the risk of heart disease.

10. Do tourists enjoy the food in your country?

Of course ! Fruits are sold almost everywhere. They are rich in fibre, and can help people lose weight.